Qualifying and the grid

How the starting order is decided, and what can move a driver up or down it.

• How qualifying worksQualifying is a one-hour knockout session in three parts. The slowest six drop out after Q1 and Q2, and the last ten fight for pole position in Q3.
• The 107% ruleA driver knocked out in Q1 must be within 107% of the fastest Q1 time to be sure of a place in the race. If they aren't, the stewards decide whether they can start.
• Grid penaltiesA grid penalty moves a driver back from where they qualified. They come from using too many power unit parts, earlier offences or a build-up of reprimands.
• Starting from the pit laneDrivers start from the pit lane when their car has been changed under parc fermé or can't take its grid slot. They wait at the pit exit and join once the field has passed.
• Parc ferméParc fermé rules freeze a car's set-up from qualifying until the race starts. Teams can do routine jobs, but breaking the rules means a pit lane start.